India’s push to curb air pollution is entering a critical new phase. At its center: Flue Gas Desulphurisation (FGD) technology—a process designed to slash sulphur dioxide (SO₂) emissions from coal-fired power plants. While FGD offers the promise of bluer skies and healthier communities, it comes with a new challenge: millions of tonnes of synthetic gypsum byproduct. To reap the benefits without spinning up fresh problems, India needs a policy rooted in environmental science, practical economics, and resource circularity.
Let’s break down the science, policy evolution, and what it means for India’s clean energy future.